Hysterectomy means removal of the uterus. In this operation, the cervix, both fallopian tubes and ovaries are also removed along with the uterus.

REASONS FOR SURGERY

• Uterus:
  Cancer or suspected cancer, large fibroids, chronic bleeding, prolapsed (dropped) uterus, endometriosis, chronic pelvic infection
• Fallopian tubes and ovaries:
  Cancer or suspected cancer of the ovaries, precancerous or twisted ovarian cysts;, ovarian abscess, damage to the ovaries from severe endometriosis.

DIAGNOSTIC TESTS

Preoperative investigations with, in some cases, dilatation and curettage of the uterus (D & C), laparoscopy, Ultrasonography, barium-enema X-rays, intravenous pyelogram.

ANESTHESIA

Usually done through an incision in the lower abdomen, under General anesthesia

DESCRIPTION OF OPERATION

• An incision is made in the abdomen.
• The abdominal organs are examined.
• The uterus, cervix, fallopian tubes and ovaries are cut free and removed.
• The vagina is closed with sutures at its deeper end.
• The surgical wound is closed in layers.
• A catheter may remain in the bladder for several days.

POSSIBLE COMPLICATIONS

• Excessive bleeding.
• Surgical-wound Infection.
• Inadvertent injury to the bladder or ureters.

AVERAGE HOSPITAL STAY

5 to 7 days. You should be mobilized within 24 hours of surgery.

YOU MUST KNOW

The vagina will be shortened slightly. Of course, this should cause no lasting problem and will recover in about 6 weeks.

TREATMENT

GENERAL MEASURES

• Ignore sutures that fall out of the vagina.
• Bathe and shower as usual. You may wash the incision gently with mild soap.

MEDICATION

Your doctor may prescribe:

• Usual antibiotics and pain relievers.
• Supplemental female hormones (HRT), to prevent premature menopause unless there are reasons why you should not take them.

ACTIVITY

• Resume normal activity as soon as possible to reduce postoperative depression, which is common.
• Resume sexual relations when able.

DIET

Clear liquid diet until the gastrointestinal tract functions again. Then eat a well-balanced, high-protein diet to promote healing.

BE ON ALERT FOR

• Vaginal bleeding that soaks more than 1 pad per hour.
• Signs of infection: headache, muscle aches, dizziness or a general feeling of ill health and fever.
• Abdominal swelling or severe abdominal pain.
• Frequent urge to urinate persisting longer than 1 month.
• Excessive vaginal discharge beyond 1 month after surgery.